Accessibility Rules

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India needs a principle-based framework for accessibility to ensure inclusivity and universal implementation.

The Supreme Court ruled that Rule 15 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Rules, 2017, is violative of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016. The Court emphasized that Rule 15 lacked mandatory language, unlike corresponding sections in the Act, and allowed excessive discretion to ministries and departments. The ruling highlighted gaps in current accessibility guidelines, which are framed in silos without a universal framework.

Accessibility should evolve from minimum mandatory thresholds to broader and more inclusive standards addressing physical and digital needs. Canada’s comprehensive roadmap for achieving universal accessibility by 2040 serves as a useful reference. Regular updates to guidelines and audits can adapt to changing needs.

The RPwD Act addresses barriers broadly, but gaps persist in ensuring accessible environments and overcoming intangible barriers like societal attitudes. Universal design principles should extend accessibility to all, including vulnerable communities and older adults, and emphasize intersectionality and equity.

Previous guidelines created confusion with overlapping rules and excessive bureaucracy. Simplifying compliance mechanisms and ensuring accountability across departments are essential. A central authority with judicial powers can improve consistency and implementation. The government has three months to draft new accessibility rules, which must be understandable, enforceable, and inclusive to achieve practical outcomes.