Vidyut Rakshak: Technological Advancement in the Indian Army

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Why in news?

The Indian Army (IA) has unveiled ‘Vidyut Rakshak’, an innovative integrated generator monitoring, protection, and control system. This launch signifies a major step in the Army's "Year of Tech Absorption" initiative, demonstrating its commitment to improving operational efficiency through advanced technology.

Developed by Major Rajprasad R S, who also created the patented ‘Portable Multi-Target Detonation Device’, Vidyut Rakshak was showcased during ‘Exercise Bharat Shakti’.

Key Features of Vidyut Rakshak

• Vidyut Rakshak is an Internet of Things (IoT) enabled system, allowing generators to connect and exchange data with other IoT devices and the cloud.
• It is compatible with all existing IA generators, regardless of their type, make, rating, or vintage. This system not only monitors generator parameters but also predicts and prevents faults, ensuring optimal performance and longevity.
• The user-friendly interface automates manual operations, enhancing efficiency and reliability.

Portable Multi-Target Detonation Device

The Portable Multi-Target Detonation Device, developed by Major Rajprasad, enables long-range demolition up to 2.5 km, both wired and wirelessly. This microprocessor-based system can target and fire at multiple points individually or simultaneously, enhancing the tactical capabilities of soldiers.

Pantanal Wetlands: An Ecological Treasure Under Threat

Why in news?

Brazil’s Pantanal wetlands, the world’s largest freshwater wetland, are currently ravaged by fires. The El Nino weather patterns, exacerbated by climate change, are contributing factors to these destructive fires.

Geographic and Ecological Significance

The Pantanal is a low-altitude alluvial plain seasonally flooded and drained by the Paraguay River and its tributaries. It spans approximately 150,000 sq km across central-western Brazil, extending into Bolivia and Paraguay, with 80% located in Brazil.

Biodiversity and Habitat

Recognized as a World Heritage Site by the IUCN, a Ramsar Site of International Importance, and an Important Bird Area, the Pantanal is a crucial habitat. It features a flooded grassland savanna ecosystem and is home to the world’s largest jaguar species, the endangered tapir, and giant anteaters.

Conservation Status

Despite its recognition and ecological importance, the Pantanal faces significant threats from climate-induced fires, underscoring the urgent need for enhanced conservation efforts to protect this vital ecosystem.

PM-KISAN Scheme

Why in News?

The Prime Minister will release the 17th installment of approximately Rs 20,000 crore under the PM-KISAN scheme in Varanasi.

The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme is a central sector initiative launched by the Government of India on February 24, 2019. It aims to provide financial support to land-holding farmers across the country to supplement their income and ensure their welfare.

Key Features of PM-KISAN Scheme

1. Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT):
   • Under the scheme, eligible farmers receive a financial benefit of Rs 6,000 per year, paid in three equal installments of Rs 2,000 every four months directly into their bank accounts through the DBT mode.
2. Eligibility Criteria:
   • The scheme targets all land-holding farmer families, which are defined as families comprising husband, wife, and minor children who collectively own cultivable land as per land records of the respective State/UT.
   • Certain exclusion criteria apply, such as institutional landholders, farmer families holding constitutional posts, serving or retired officers and employees of government ministries/departments, and those receiving a monthly pension above Rs 10,000, among others.
3. Application Process:
   • Farmers can register for the scheme by approaching local revenue officials (patwaris), village-level entrepreneurs (VLEs) at Common Service Centers (CSCs), or directly through the PM-KISAN portal. They need to provide necessary details like Aadhaar number, bank account details, and landholding records.
4. Implementation and Monitoring:
   • The scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare in coordination with State Governments. The central government bears the entire financial liability for the scheme.
   • Regular monitoring and review meetings are conducted to ensure effective implementation and address any issues faced by beneficiaries.

The PM-KISAN scheme underscores the government's commitment to improving the livelihood of farmers, enhancing agricultural productivity, and ensuring sustainable development in the rural economy.