Urban NCD Burden

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Poorly implemented policies and fragmented systems exacerbate non-communicable disease (NCD) challenges in urban India.

The editorial discusses the health crisis in urban India, focusing on the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Marginalized urban communities, including informal workers and migrants, face significant health challenges due to hazardous work environments, inadequate healthcare access, and financial vulnerability. A national NCD surveillance policy exists, but its poor implementation and fragmented urban health systems fail to address these issues effectively.

India’s urbanization, characterized by significant migration, creates a dense population in informal settlements, where 49% of people live in slums. Health indicators reveal a decline in tobacco and alcohol consumption but a concerning rise in hypertension, diabetes, and obesity rates. Limited screening and preventive pathways lead to catastrophic out-of-pocket expenses, jeopardizing financial stability for affected families.

The editorial underscores the need for primary healthcare access for marginalized neighborhoods. Public primary health systems remain inadequate, catering to less than 40% of the population. Co-created, community-led approaches are proposed to ensure sustainable solutions.

Technological tools, such as real-time monitoring and data collection, can help identify health risks like hypertension and diabetes. These tools also aid in public health planning, raising awareness, and reducing the burden on health systems.

The article advocates for state-led action plans and partnerships with local bodies, experts, and community organizations to scale up ideas for healthy, inclusive cities, ensuring health equity for marginalized communities.