Fundamental Rights 14

Published On:

201. Authority to Declare War or Peace
The President holds the legal power to declare war or conclude peace.

202. Presidential Consideration of a Bill
After Parliament passes a bill and it is sent to the President, he can return it for reconsideration.

203. Presidential Ordinances
The President can issue laws through ordinances during Parliament's recess.

204. Ordinance Promulgation Authority
Ordinances are promulgated by the President.

205. President’s Financial Powers
The President has several financial powers:

Certain Money Bills can only originate in Parliament with the President’s recommendation.

Recommendations can also come from the Governor.

The President can appoint a Finance Commission to recommend tax distribution between the Union and State Governments.

206. Appointments Not Made by the President
District and Sessions Judges are not appointed by the President.

207. Presidential Veto Usage
The President of India used his veto power only once for the Office (Amendment) Bill.

208. Duration of an Ordinance
An ordinance issued by the President remains in force for six weeks after the commencement of the next session of Parliament.

209. Conditions for Ordinance Issuance
The President can issue an ordinance only when Parliament is not in session.

210. Presidential Rule Proclamation
The President can declare President's Rule in a state if, based on a Governor's report or other information, he is satisfied that the state government cannot function according to the Constitution.

211. Dismissal of a Council Member
The President can dismiss a member of the Council of Ministers on the Prime Minister’s recommendation.

212. Preparation of the Presidential Address
The Presidential Address is prepared by the Prime Minister and his Cabinet.

213. Appointments Made by the President
The President of India appoints the following:

State Governors

Chief Justice and Judges of High Courts

Chief Justice and Judges of the Supreme Court

214. Election Basis of the President of India
The President is elected by proportional representation through a single transferable vote.

215. Appointment of the Attorney General of India
The President appoints the Attorney General of India.

216. Election of the Vice President of India
The Vice President is elected by Members of Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha) in a joint sitting.

217. Removal of the Vice President
The Vice President can be removed from office before the term expires by a resolution passed by both Houses of Parliament.

218. Vice President’s Role in Absence of the President
The Vice President assumes the President's duties in case of the President’s death, resignation, or absence due to illness.

219. Vice President’s Ex-officio Role
The Vice President of India is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.

220. Dispute Resolution on Vice Presidential Election
The Supreme Court decides disputes regarding the election of the Vice President.

221. Duration of Vice President’s Duties as President
The Vice President can indefinitely discharge the President’s duties during the President's illness.

222. Entitlements of the Vice President Acting as President
When discharging the President's duties, the Vice President is entitled to the President’s salary and allowances.

223. Vice President’s Role in Rajya Sabha
The Vice President has the right to preside over the Rajya Sabha.

224. Legal Immunity During Vice President’s Term
No criminal proceedings shall be instituted against the Vice President during his term of office.

225. Vice Presidents with Diplomatic Backgrounds
The correct pair of dignitaries who became Vice Presidents after serving as diplomats is S. Radhakrishnan and G. S. Pathak.

226. Order of Vice Presidents

227. Vice President Who Resigned to Contest for President
V.V. Giri resigned as Vice President to contest for the President's office.

228. Vice President Serving Two Full Terms
S. Radhakrishnan served two full terms as Vice President.

229. President Without Prior Vice Presidential Role
Sanjeeva Reddy became President of India without having served as Vice President.

230. First Chief Justice as Acting President
Hidayatullah was the first Chief Justice appointed as acting President of India.

**231. **

236. Prime Minister of India
Article 74 provides that there shall be a Prime Minister of India, who serves as the Head of Government.

232. Office of the Prime Minister
The Office of the Prime Minister is established by the Constitution.

233. Appointment of the Prime Minister
The Prime Minister is appointed by the President.

234. Real Executive under the Indian Constitution
The Prime Minister is the real Executive under the Indian Constitution.

235. Chief Spokesperson of the Union Government
The Prime Minister is considered the Chief Spokesperson of the Union Government.

237. Chairman of the Planning Commission and National Development Council

238. Leadership of the Prime Minister
The Prime Minister is generally the leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha.

239. Tenure of the Prime Minister
The Prime Minister holds office as long as he enjoys the confidence of Parliament.

240. Membership of the Prime Minister
The Prime Minister is generally a member of the Lok Sabha.