Watershed management and Pradhanmantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana
Published On:
•Purpose:-The design aims to fulfill the watershed element of the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana( PMSKY) to reduce face runoff of rainwater, increase groundwater situations and better water vacuity in rainfed areas.
•Contribution:- This will contribute to advanced agrarian products indeed in water- stressed areas.
1 • It was launched for achieving the major objects of the Watershed element of the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayi Yojana( PMKSY) and for icing access to irrigation to every ranch( Har Khet Ko Pani) and effective use of water( Per Drop More Crop)
2• It'll bring about institutional changes in watershed and rainfed agrarian operation practices in India.
3 • It'll help to make systems that insure watershed programmes and rainfed irrigation.
Focus area
1 • It'll provide concrete strategies for the sustainability of better mileposts. operation practices in programme areas, indeed after the pullout of design support.
2 • The watershed design will lead to reducing face runoff of rainwater.
3 • It'll increase the recharge of ground water.
4 • It'll affect in better vacuity in rainfed areas performing in incremental rainfed
Benefit:-It is necessary for present water management issues which contribute above the world which create a sustainable need of society in all parts of the world.
Sustainable Aviation fuel
1. First Flight with SAF: India successfully conducted its first commercial passenger flight using an indigenously produced Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) blend.
2. Definition of SAF: SAF is a type of aviation fuel derived from renewable sources, offering a lower carbon footprint compared to conventional fossil-based jet fuel.
3.SAF Feedstocks: SAF can be produced from factory canvases , agrarian waste, forestry remainders, and external solid waste.
4. Environmental Benefits SAF can reduce hothouse gas emigrations by over to 80, making it an eco-friendly volition to traditional spurt energy.
5. Design:SAF is designed to be a drop- in relief for conventional spurt energy, meaning it can be used in aircraft machines without variations.
6. India’s Emission Goals: The use of SAF aligns with India’s commitment to achieve net-zero emissions by 2070.
7. Energy Self-Reliance Target: India aims to become energy self-reliant by 2047, and SAF plays a role in this transition.
8. Global Relevance: SAF is being adopted worldwide as part of efforts to reduce the aviation sector’s environmental impact.
9. Economic Impact: The development of SAF domestically can contribute to India's green energy economy.
10. Long-Term Vision: SAF supports India's broader goals of sustainability and energy innovation in the aviation industry.
Wildfires in the world
1. Rapid Arctic Warming:
- Warming at four times the global average; 3°C increase since 1980.
- More frequent lightning strikes, doubling since 1975, igniting wildfires.
2. Jet Stream Changes:
- Slower jet stream due to reduced temperature differences.
- Leads to prolonged warm weather and heatwaves, increasing wildfire risks.
3. Impact of Climate Change:
- Splits jet streams, creating weak winds and high pressure, conducive to heatwaves.
- Human activities raised global temperatures by 1.2°C, intensifying heat events.
4. Conditions for Wildfires:
- Hot, dry conditions dry out vegetation, fueling wildfires.
- Fires spread faster and burn longer, affecting new regions.
5. Human Contributions:
- Poor forest management and ignition sources like human activities contribute.
- Controlled burns and forest gaps can help limit severe fires.
6. Threats to Life and Property:
- Direct threat to lives and properties, causing evacuations and damage.
- Example: France’s heat waves leading to droughts and water crises.
7. Pollution from Wildfires:
- Release of pollutants like CO2, nitrous oxide, and PM 2.5, causing health issues.
8. Health Risks:
- Heat Waves cause dehydration, heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat strokes.
- Example: Wildfire smoke exacerbates respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.
9. Biodiversity Impact:
- Destruction of habitats and ecosystems, leading to biodiversity loss.
- Example: Florida’s sea turtles facing gender imbalance due to hotter sand beaches.
10. Global Mitigation Efforts:
- USA: $430 billion climate bireen GDP research.
- Germany: €3 billion renewable energy scheme.
- India: Targets for 50% renewable energy by 2024.
