Unified pension scheme
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Context:-The unified pension scheme started by our prime minister on saturday,this scheme is related to government employees,this scheme aims to assured pension for government employee family it will be effective from 1April 2025.
Features of unified pension scheme:-
1•Benefit:-Those who work for 25 years or more will get full benefits.
2•Investment:-To decide the pension, the average of the basic part of the salary taken in the last 12 months at the time of retirement will be taken. Roughly, 50 percent of the basic will be given as pension.
3•Benefit to family:- If the employee dies while in service, his family or partner will get 60% of the family pension. At present, it is 50 percent. Family pension is half.
4•Tenure:-At least ten years of service will be mandatory to get pension. On retirement after a minimum of 10 years of service, the minimum pension will be Rs 10,000 per month.
5•Nps and Ups:-Employees will have the option to choose between NPS and UPS. Those who have already chosen NPS will also get its benefit. It is believed that NPS holders will benefit by going to UPS.
6•State government:-on the basis of the central scheme, state governments will also be able to implement this model.
7•Contribution:-For this, employees will not have to make a separate contribution. The central governmentvernment will bear its share, which will be about 18 percent. While the employee's contribution will be ten percent in this as in NPS.
8•Inflation:-They get the benefit of inflation indexation.
Benefit of unified pension scheme:-
1.Assured pension:-This scheme provides assured pension to family members after retirement of employee.
2•Social security:-It provides social security to family members where they will get minimum pension.
Dearness relief:-where it will provide inflation index because on time to time inflation will go high so,it will benefitted to all members of unified pension scheme.
Support:-It will support all pension era and it's family members.
Nicobar project:-
Context:-Recently ministry of environment given Statement On tribal issues because of Nicobar Project.
Purpose:-
1•promote the holistic development of Greater Nicobar. The project involves the construction of an international container trans-shipment terminal, a greenfield international airport, a power plant and a township complex. In addition, offices of multinational corporations will be set up by felling one lakh trees in tropical rainforests.
2•NICOBAR The scheme involves the use of a total of 244 sq km of lush green forest and coastal areas within the boundaries of the biosphere reserve.
3•Area:-The project area falls within a 10 km Standing radius of Galathea Bay National Park and Campbell Bay National Park. However, it lies outside the notified ecologically sensitive zone around the national parks.
4.infrastructure Committee of the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) de-notified the entire Galathea Bay Wildlife Sanctuary for the construction of the port and other related infrastructure. Concerns about the Nicobar Project
5•Trees:-The project will involve felling of millions of trees in pristine rainforests and destruction of about 12 to 20 hectares of mangrove cover.
About 10 hectares of coral cover may be affected.
6•Tribal issue:- local Shompen and Nicobari tribe natives will be affected.
7•Impact on species:-Some rare species like the leatherback sea turtle, Nicobar megapode (a flightless bird of the Nicobar Islands), Nicobar macaque and saltwater crocodile will also be affected by the project.
Significance of the Nicobar Project:-
1•Infrastructure development:-The creation of infrastructure (ports, airports, etc.), which will increase employment opportunities for local people.
2•promote tourism:-It will help create tourism p otential in the region, leading to increased income generation.
3•Connectivity:-Development of world-class infr astructure will h elp improve inter- island connectivity.
4•Socia l security it will create affor dable state-of-the-art faci lities for healthcare, quality education, and adequate air, sea and web infrastructure.Purpose:he
5•Geopolitical interest:-The Nicobar Islands, located near the Strait of Malacca, demand the building of strong infrastructure to membersrserset the geopolitical interests in the region.
The islands also house India’s only tri-services command (Andaman & Nicobar Command).
Simlipal tiger reserve:-
Key points:-
1.About:-It is located in orissa it derives it's name from simul tree.
It is under project tiger 1973 Status in 1956.
It is declared biosphere reserve in 1994.
Location:-
It is situated in mayurbhanj district of orrisa,it is near eastern ghats.
Vegetation:-It has different type of tree and 96 type of species available in that area.
Tribes:-Erenga kharias tribe inhabited in simlipal biosphere reserve.
wildlife:-reserIt had many types of tigers and elephant besides 306 type of bird species etc. 6.Others:-It is vulnerable for forest fire and
Also it is important biosphere reserve of india.
