IIA discovers a new way to unravel the mysteries of the Sun by studying solar magnetic fields
Published On:
Astronomers at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) have developed a new method to unravel the mysteries of the Sun by analysing the magnetic fields in different layers of its atmosphere. The research used data from the Kodaikanal Tower Tunnel Telescope.
Magnetic fields and solar dynamics
The Department of Science and Technology explains that different layers of the solar atmosphere are interconnected through magnetic fields. These fields are essential for transferring energy and mass from the inner layers of the Sun to the outer layers, which is a key factor in the coronal heating problem and the formation of the solar wind.
Key observations
IIA scientists have studied a sunspot with complex features using simultaneous observations in hydrogen-alpha and calcium II spectral lines.
Their analysis provided valuable insights into the stratification of the magnetic field at different atmospheric heights, enhancing our understanding of solar dynamics. The study highlights the importance of advanced telescopic techniques in solar research.
Overview of Current Indian Space Missions
Success after Chandrayaan 3
India's space programme did not remain quiet despite the peace at the Sriharikota spaceport after the successful landing of Chandrayaan 3's Vikram lander on the Moon. Prime Minister Modi had declared August 23 as India's National Space Day, marking this achievement.
Key Missions and Milestones
ISRO launched the Aditya-L1 solar mission on September 2, 2023, reaching its orbit around the Earth-Sun Lagrange point by January 2024. The Gaganyaan mission demonstrated crew protection systems, moving ahead with its first abort test on October 21, 2023.
Research and Future Plans
ISRO also launched ExpoSat, an X-ray polarimeter satellite, and INSAT-3DS, a meteorological satellite, while finalizing the development of the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV).
The focus is now on long-term research, with plans for a Gaganyaan roadmap extending to 2047, including a new launch vehicle (NGLV) and a possible lunar mission. Meanwhile, NewSpace India Limited (NSIL) continues to handle commercial missions.
What is vaccine-derived polio?
A two-year-old child in Tikrikilla, Meghalaya has been diagnosed with vaccine-derived polio, a rare condition caused by a mutated strain of poliovirus found in the oral polio vaccine (OPV).
The case, confirmed by the Union Health Ministry, is not related to the wild poliovirus, but has raised concerns in the West Garo Hills district, where authorities are on high alert.
How does vaccine-derived polio occur?
Vaccine-derived polio can develop when the weakened poliovirus in OPV mutates and regains its ability to cause paralysis, especially in individuals with low immunity or in areas with poor vaccination and sanitation.
The World Health Organisation (WHO) has reported a rise in vaccine-derived type 2 poliovirus outbreaks since the global shift from trivalent to bivalent OPV in 2016.
Global efforts to combat polio
To reduce the risk of vaccine-derived polio, the WHO has authorised a genetically modified type 2 oral polio vaccine, which is less likely to cause the disease.
