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The Indian Air Force's largest multilateral exercise will begin this month

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overview

The Indian Air Force (IAF) is all set to conduct its largest multilateral exercise, Tarang Shakti, in two phases during August and September.

The program will involve the participation of 18 countries, with 10 contributing air assets and a total of 150 aircraft from both foreign countries and the IAF.

 

Participation and purpose

Air Force Vice-Chief Air Marshal 'A.P. Singh announced that the exercise aims to enhance interoperability, share best practices and showcase India's indigenous defense industry.

51 countries have been invited, of which 10 will participate with their assets and 18 will be for maintenance.

 

Step description

Germany, France, Spain and the U.K. will compete in Phase-1 from August 6 to 14 in Sulur, Tamil Nadu. will participate, which will include 32 foreign aircraft. The second phase to be held in Jodhpur from September 1 - 14 will involve 27 fighter jets and other special aircraft from Australia, Bangladesh, Greece, Singapore, UAE and the US.

The Indian Air Force will deploy more than 40 aircraft in both phases, while the Indian Navy will participate in the first phase with MiG-29K fighter jets.

 

The 'zombie' present in our genes can also help us develop and fight cancer

 

Widespread presence and influence

Viruses are common and have long plagued humans with infections such as the common cold. While many viral encounters are brief and mild, some can lead to serious illness, exemplified by the COVID-19 pandemic.

 

Retroviruses and genetic integration

Unlike most viruses, retroviruses can integrate their RNA genome into the host's DNA using an enzyme called reverse transcriptase. This unique ability, discovered by Howard Temin and David Baltimore in 1971, has important implications for genetic research.

 

Historical achievements

Key discoveries include the identification of cancer-causing retroviruses by Olof Bang and Ludwig Gross and in 1980 by Robert C. Includes the isolation of the first human retrovirus, HTLV, by Gallo. In 1983, François Barre-Sinoussy and Luc Montagnier discovered HIV, which earned them the Nobel Prize.

 

Endogenous retrovirus (ERV)

Retroviruses that integrate into germ cells form ERVs, which are inherited. Comprising about 8% of the human genome, these elements have influenced development, such as placental development and cell differentiation.

 

future information

Ongoing research on ERVs is expected to reveal more about their role in human biology, potentially leading to medical advances in regenerative medicine, cancer treatment, and personalized medicine.

 

LTCG Upon termination of listing

 

Finance Minister's Announcement

Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman's proposal to remove indexation for calculation of Long Term Capital Gains (LTCG) tax in the Union Budget has received little enthusiasm.

Indexation allows taxpayers to tax real profits, not just nominal profits increased by normal price increases.

 

Impact on taxpayers

A bank market study based on the RBI's house price index suggests that scrapping indexation will lead to a significant increase in LTCG tax. The study found that without indexation, taxes on properties purchased after 2010 would nearly triple.

It also noted a 'significant reduction in tax savings', particularly from FY 2016-17, using FY 2010-11 as the base year for comparison.